Git 服务器 Gitosis 架设指南

Git是非常著名的分布式版本控制系统。 Gitosis则是方便通过Git与ssh架设中央服务器的软件。这篇文章的安装流程写得很明了，但使用中还是遇到了些许问题，本文算是该流程的补充。如果打算通过Gitosis架设服务器通过本文或许可以少走不少弯路。

一、架设步骤

下载并安装python setuptools
```
sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
```

下载并安装gitosis

cd ~/src 
git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git 
cd gitosis 
python setup.py install

添加用户git

sudo adduser \
 --system \
 --shell /bin/sh \
 --gecos 'git version control' \
 --group \
 --disabled-password \
 --home /home/git \
 git

生成本机密钥切换到个人机，如果已有~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub略过此步
```
ssh-keygen -t rsa
```

上传密钥到服务器临时目录

scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 用户名@主机:/tmp

初使化gitosis 切回到服务器

sudo -H -u git gitosis-init < /tmp/id_rsa.pub

修改post-update权限

sudo chmod 755 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update

clone gitosis管理平台

git clone git@主机名:gitosis-admin.git 
cd gitosis-admin

安装完成通过修改gitosis-admin管理gitosis用户权限添加公密到keydir，添加用户修改完后commit，push到中服务器即可完成仓库权限的相关操作。

二、实例目标：添加用户 john 和仓库 foo 到gitosis，并和管理员miao合作管理

用户john添加并发送id_rsa.pub给miao

john:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair. 
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/john/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/home/john/.ssh'. 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa. 
Your public key has been saved in /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. 
john:~$ cp /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /tmp

gitosis管理员miao分配john权限

miao:~$ cd ~/projects
git clone [email protected]:gitosis-admin
cd gitosis-admin
cat gitosis.conf
[gitosis]

[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110
ls keydir/
[email protected] 
cp /tmp/id_rsa.pub keydir/john.pub
vi gitosis.conf
[gitosis]

[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110

[group foo]
writable = foo
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110 john

git add .
git commit -am "add member john and project foo"
git push

用户 miao 添加项目foo

miao:~$ cd ~/projects
mkdir foo
cd foo
git init
touch hello.txt
git add hello.txt
git commit -am 'first commit'
git remote add origin [email protected]:foo.git
git push origin master

用户 john clone Foo并修改hello.txt

john:~$ git clone [email protected]:foo.git
cd foo
ls
date > hello.txt
git commit -am 'add time to hello.txt' && git push

用户 miao pull Foo

miao:~/projects/foo$ vi .git/config
[core]
    repositoryformatversion = 0
    filemode = true
    bare = false
    logallrefupdates = true
[remote "origin"]
    url = [email protected]:foo.git
    fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
[branch "master"]
    remote = origin
    merge = refs/heads/master

git pull

三、常见问题首先确定 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update 为可执行即属性为 0755

git操作需要输入密码原因公密未找到解决上传id_pub.rsa到keydir并改为'gitosis帐号.pub'形式，如miao.pub。扩展名.pub不可省略
ERROR:gitosis.serve.main:Repository read access denied 原因 gitosis.conf中的members与keydir中的用户名不一致，如gitosis中的members = foo@bar，但keydir中的公密名却叫foo.pub 解决使keydir的名称与gitosis中members所指的名称一致。改为members = foo 或公密名称改为[email protected]

Git 服务器 Gitosis 架设指南

Git 服务器 Gitosis 架设指南

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